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Bird, K. | 2019 Visual presencing. In O. Gunnlaughson & W. Brendel (Eds.), Advances in Presencing (pp. 23–44). Trifoss Business Press. LINK

Bockler, J. | 2021 Presencing with soul: Transpersonal perspectives on awareness-based social change practice. Journal of Awareness-Based Systems Change, 1(1), 15–33. LINK

Briciu, B. | 2024 Absencing as attentional violence and its impact on well-being: Loss of resonance in advanced capitalism. Journal of Awareness-Based Systems Change, 4(2), 67–86. LINK

Bristow, J., Bell, R., Wamsler, C., Björkman, T., Tickell, P., Kim, J., & Scharmer, O. | 2024 The system within: Addressing the inner dimensions of sustainability and systems change. The Club of Rome. Earth4All: Deep-dive paper 17. LINK

Chlopczik, A. | 2014 Magic moments—Otto Scharmer’s Theory U and its implications for personal and organizational development. Gestalt Theory, 36(3), 267–278. LINK

 
de Monthoux, P. G., & Statler, M. | 2018 Theory U: Rethinking business as practical European philosophy. In Business education and ethics: Concepts, methodologies, tools & applications (pp. 259–268). IGI Global. LINK

Gardner, S., & Paulin, S. | 2018 The journey of self, nature, technology and sustainable organisational design: Insights for transformative leadership praxis. In M. Brueckner, R. Spencer & M. Paull (Eds.), Disciplining the undisciplined? Perspectives from business, Society and politics on responsible citizenship, corporate social responsibility and sustainability (pp. 243–254). Springer. LINK

Giesenbauer, B., & Müller-Christ, G. | 2020 University 4.0: Promoting the transformation of higher education institutions toward sustainable development. Sustainability, 12(8), 3371. LINK

Gioacchino, G. | 2019 You defend what you feel: ‘Presencing’ nature as ‘experiential knowing.’ Action Research, 17(1), 108–129. LINK

 
Goodchild, M. | 2021 Relational systems thinking: That’s how change is going to come, from our earth mother. Journal of Awareness-Based Systems Change, 1(1), 75–103. LINK

Gunnlaugson, O. | 2023 Advancing the field of presencing: Five principles to inform the development of emerging presencing approaches. Journal of Awareness-Based Systems Change, 3(2), 105–128. LINK

Gunnlaugson, O., & Brendel, W. (Eds.). | 2019–2021 Advances in presencing volume I, II & III. Trifoss Business Press. LINK

Gunnlaugson, O., Baron, C., & Cayer, M. (Eds.) | 2014 Perspectives on Theory U: Insights from the field. IGI Global. LINK

Hayashi, A. | 2010 Feminine principle and Theory U: Character based leadership. Oxford Leadership. LINK

Herget, J. | 2025 How to integrate corporate culture into digitalization. In J. Herget (Ed.), Digitalization and cultural change (pp. 125–158). Springer. LINK

Jiang, G. | 2023 Collaborative leadership in team science: Dynamics of sense making, decision making, and action taking. Frontiers in Research Metrics and Analytics, 8, 1211407. LINK

Kalungu-Banda, M. | 2006 Leadership calls for courage. Management Today, 22(7), 18–19. LINK

King, J. | 2023 Not over but through: Toward a new model for facilitating organizational transition. In A. K. Maheshwari (Ed.), Consciousness-based leadership and management, volume 2 (pp. 223–242). Palgrave Macmillan. LINK

 
Levitt Cea, J., & Rimington, J. | 2017 Creating breakout innovation. Stanford Social Innovation Review, 15(3), 32–39. LINK

 
Nullens, P | 2019 From spirituality to responsible leadership: Ignatian discernment and Theory U. In J. Kok & S.C. van den Heuvel (Eds.), Leading in a VUCA world: Integrating leadership, discernment and spirituality (pp. 185–207). Springer Open. LINK

 
Pavey, E. | 2021 Exploring open and relational theology and Theory U for transformational change. Practical Theology, 14(6), 580–592. LINK

 
Peniwati, K. | 2025 AHP/ANP amplifies human-centered organizational transformation journey in VUCA environment. In F. De Felice & A. Petrillo (Eds.), The art of decision making: Applying AHP in practice (pp. 19–40). IntechOpen. LINK

 
Peschl, M. F., & Fundneider, T. | 2013 Theory U and emergent Innovation: Presencing as a method of bringing forth profoundly new knowledge and realities. In O. Gunnlaugson, C. Baron & M. Cayer (Eds.), Perspectives on Theory U: Insights from the field (pp. 207–233). Business Science Reference. LINK

 
Pomeroy, E. | 2024 Living theory: From Lewin to Scharmer. Publication Organization Development Review, 56(3), 38. LINK

 
Salcher, A. | 2025 Cornerstones of the school of the twenty-first century in the context of sustainability and well-being. In M. Mühlböck (Ed.), Sustainable transformation and well-being: The role of business for individual and collective flourishing (pp. 143–157). Springer. LINK

 
Scharmer, O. | 2001 Self-transcending knowledge: Sensing and organizing around emerging opportunities. Journal of Knowledge Management, 5(2), 137–150. LINK

 
Scharmer, O. | 2008 Uncovering the blind spot of leadership. Leader to Leader, 2008(47), 52–59. LINK 

 
Scharmer, O. | 2016 Theory U: Leading from the future as it emerges (2nd ed.). Berrett-Koehler Publishers. LINK

 
Scharmer, O. | 2018 The essentials of Theory U: Core principles and applications. Berrett-Koehler Publishers. LINK

 
Scharmer, O. | 2021 The social field as a teacher: Seven principles for building transformational learning infrastructures. In J. M. Bartunek (Ed.), Social scientists confronting global crises (pp.116–122). Routledge. LINK

 
Scharmer, O., & Pomeroy, E. | 2024 Fourth person: The knowing of the field. Journal of Awareness-Based Systems Change, 4(1), 19–48. LINK

 
Scharmer, O., Pomeroy, E., & Kaufer, K. | 2021 Awareness-based action research: Making systems sense and see themselves. In D. Burns, J. Howard & S. Ospina (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of participatory research. SAGE Publishing. LINK

 
Scharmer, O., & Kaufer, K. | 2013 Leading from the emerging future: From ego-system to eco-system economies. Berrett-Koehler Publishers. LINK

 
Scharmer, O., & Kaufer, K. | 2015 Awareness-based action research: Catching social reality creation infFlight. In H. Bradbury (Ed.), The SAGE handbook of action research, 3rd ed. (pp. 199–210). SAGE Publications. LINK

 
Scharmer, O., & Yukelson, A. | 2015 Turning point Theory U: From ego-system to eco-system economies. In M. McIntosh, S. Waddell, S. Waddock, S. Cornell, D. Dentoni & M. McLachlan (Eds.), Large systems change: An emerging field of transformation and transitions. Routledge. LINK

 
Senge, P., Scharmer, O., & Winslow, D. | 2013 30 years of building learning communities: A dialogue with Peter Senge, Otto Scharmer and Darcy Winslow, Part 1. Reflections, 12(4), 40–52. LINK

 
Senge, P., Scharmer, O., & Winslow, D. | 2013 30 years of building learning communities: A dialogue with Peter Senge, Otto Scharmer and Darcy Winslow, Part 2. Reflections, 13(2), 1–9. LINK

 
Senge, P., Scharmer, O., Flowers, B.S., & Jaworski, J. | 2011 Presence: Exploring profound change in people, organizations, and society. Nicholas Brealey Publishing. LINK

 
Sohmen, V.S. | 2016 Change management and Theory U leadership. International Journal of Global Business, 9(2), 102–110. LINK

 
Tolkatser, M., & Rechberger, M. | 2024 Exploring reconnection to self, others, and nature through systems thinking and Theory U. Glocality, 7(1). LINK

Veerstegen, U., & Veersteegen, L. | 2021 Social fields as an awareness-based approach to reconnect self, other, and whole. In O. Gunnlaugson & W. Brendel (Eds.), Advances in presencing volume III: Collective approaches in Theory U (pp. 145–188). Trifoss Business Press. LINK

 
Wilson, P. | 2019 Otto Scharmer and the field of the future: Integrating science, spirituality, and profound social change. In D. Szabla, W. Pasmore, M. Barnes, & A. Gipson (Eds.), The palgrave handbook of organizational change thinkers (pp. 1129–1146). Palgrave MacMillan. LINK

 
Wilson, P. | 2019 Theory U: Engaging global community with breadth and depth. In P. Wilson (Ed.), The heart of community engagement: Practitioner stories from around the globe. Routledge. LINK

 
Winther, A., Jackman, V., & Oliver, K. | 2019 Massive open online course u.lab: Creating transformational learning in Scotland. In M. Noble & C. Ross (Ed.), Reclaiming the university for the public good: Futures in co-operative higher (pp. 205–225). Palgrave Macmillan. LINK

Bajraktari, F., Mosse, R., & Neira Voto, G. | 2019 Transforming u.lab: Redesigning a social technology from a strategic sustainable perspective. In O. Gunnlaughson & W. Brendel (Eds.), Advances in presencing (pp. 313–340). Trifoss Business Press. LINK

Boell, M. M., & Senge, P. | 2016 School climate and social fields: An initial exploration. Garrison Global Collaboration for Emotional, Social and Systems Education & MIT. LINK

Briciu, B. | 2024a Emotions and meaning in transformative learning: Theory U as a liminal experience. Journal of Transformative Education, onlinefirst. LINK

Briciu, B. | 2024b Theory U as case study of integral transformative learning for spiritual development in higher education. Journal for the Study of Spirituality, 14(1), 5–20. LINK

Carrillo, B. | 2023 Conceptualizing and enabling transformative learning through relational onto-epistemology: Theory U and the u. lab experience. Journal of Transformative Education, 21(4). LINK

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Drimie, S., Hamann, R., Manderson, A.P., & Mlondobozi, N. | 2018 Creating transformative spaces for dialogue and action: Reflecting on the experience of the Southern Africa Food Lab. Ecology and Society, 23(3). LINK

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Gunnlaugson, O., & Brendel, W. (Eds.) | 2019–2021 Advances in presencing, volume I, II & III. Trifoss Business Press. LINK

Gunnlaugson, O., Baron, C., & Cayer, M. (Eds.) | 2014 Perspectives on Theory U: Insights from the field. IGI Global. LINK

Hakio, K., & Mattelmäki, T. | 2019 Future skills of design for sustainability: An awareness-based co-creation approach. Sustainability, 11(19), 5247. LINK

Hentsch, R. | 2021 Italian u.lab hubs: A study and comparison of the application and adaptation of Theory U principles and practices to the specificities of a local community of learners in Rome and some other italian cities. In O. Gunnlaugson & W. Brendel (Eds.), Advances in presencing volume III: Collective approaches in Theory U (pp. 67–84). Trifoss Business Press. LINK

Kaufer, K., & Steponaitis, L. | 2021 Just money: Mission-driven banks and the future of finance. MIT Press. LINK

McLeod, N. | 2015 Reflecting on reflection: Improving teachers' readiness to facilitate participatory learning in young children. Professional Development in Education, 41(2), 254–272. LINK

Moriggi, A., Secco, L., Pearson, K. R., & Christophilopoulos, E. | 2025 Imagining vibrant rural-mountain futures: A field-tested toolkit of 25 co-creative methods. Research Padua Archive. LINK

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Øgland, P. | 2024 Teaching systems thinking for professional practice by use of CST and Theory U. Systemist, 24(1), 12–51. LINK

Pasaribu, I. M., Gultom, S., & Darwin, D. | 2024 The effect of Theory U based training model on improving librarian competence in the digital era: A case study in private university libraries in Medan City. Proceedings of the 9th Annual International Seminar on Transformative Education and Educational Leadership, Indonesia. LINK

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Pomeroy, E., & Bernardi, N. F. | 2021 Tending the social field in higher education. In O. Gunnlaugson & W. Brendel (Eds.), Advances in presencing volume III: Collective approaches in Theory U (pp. 85–119). Trifoss Business Press. LINK

Pomeroy, E., Herrmann, L., Jung, S., Laenens, E., Pastorini, L., & Ruiter, A. (2021). Exploring action research from a social field perspective. Journal of Awareness-Based Systems Change, 1(1), 105–117. LINK

Pomeroy, E., & Oliver, K. | 2018 Pushing the boundaries of self-directed learning: Research findings from a study of u.lab participants in Scotland. International Journal of Lifelong Education, 37(6), 719–733. LINK

Pomeroy, E., & Oliver, K. | 2020 Action confidence as an indicator of transformative change. Journal of Transformative Education, 19(1). LINK

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Van der Westhuizen, T. | 2017 Theory U and individual entrepreneurial orientation in developing youth entrepreneurship in South Africa. Journal of Contemporary Management, 14(1). 531–553. LINK

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POINT:  Kühl, S. | 2020 The blind spots in Theory U: The reconstruction of a (change-) management fashion. Journal of Change Management, 20(4), 314–321. LINK

Following a long period where the concept of a learning organization was the most popular way to implement change projects, consultants have now begun to apply a program known as Theory U. A description of Theory U from a sociological perspective reveals that it has the typical structure of a management fashion. Theory U resembles a management fashion in as much as it holds out the promise that an organization — all of society, or even simply one individual—will be better off than beforehand after it has run through the various phases of the change process. Accepted for publication at J. Change Management

COUNTERPOINT: Scharmer, O.  | 2020 Social systems as if people mattered: Response to the Kühl critique of Theory U. Journal of Change Management, 20(4), 322–332. LINK

Kühl critiques Theory U as a management trend based on four claims: 1) Transforming everything simultaneously, 2) Blurring distinctions between science, economics, politics, and religion, 3) Resolving conflicts through community ideology, and 4) Relying on purposive-rational thinking. Scharmer’s response first challenges these claims as unfounded, then addresses questions Kühl overlooks. Finally, it critiques the blind spots of Kühl’s Luhmann-inspired approach and argues that Theory U, drawing on the later work of Maturana and Varela, offers an alternative foundation for social systems theory. Accepted for publication at J. Change Management

POINT: Heller, P. W. | 2019 The philosophy of theory U: A critical examination. Philosophy of Management, 18(1), 23-42. LINK

Heller’s paper critically examines Theory U, arguing that, while it draws on thinkers like Toynbee, Nietzsche, and Husserl, Theory U misinterprets key concepts and incorporates esoteric elements that weaken its scientific rigor. Heller posits that Theory U’s visionary, even messianic, approach positions leaders as transformative agents but lacks empirical grounding. Despite these shortcomings, however, Heller points to Theory U’s innovative perspective on leadership as a valuable contribution. 

COUNTERPOINT: Casado da Rocha, A., & Vallejo Morales, N. | 2022 Communities of practice for an ecology of the imagination: Thoreau’s Walden and the GAIA journey. Artnodes, 29, 1–10; and Escobar, A. | 2018 Designs for the pluriverse: Radical interdependence, autonomy, and the making of worlds. Duke University Press. Link 1 and Link 2

While not a direct response to Heller’s paper, these two critiques challenge his claims that Theory U lacks historical grounding and is philosophically incoherent. Arturo Escobar’s Designs for the Pluriverse (2018) highlights the framework’s phenomenological agency and its effort to counter the “ontology of disconnection” through relationality and futurization. Similarly, Casado da Rocha and Vallejo Morales’ Communities of Practice for an Ecology of the Imagination (2022) contextualizes Theory U within the American transcendentalist tradition, particularly Thoreau’s Walden. Specifically responding to Heller’s critique, the authors argue that Scharmer’s work does indeed align with and draws from this long-standing philosophical lineage of transformative experience. Their analysis of the GAIA Journey provides an analysis of the relationship between Theory U and American transcendentalism. In doing so, the authors understand Theory U to be a contemporary form of social art, founded on the intellectual heritage of Thoreau and others, that fosters collective imagination for socio-cultural transformation. 

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McClelland, A. | 2014 Going beyond ‘getting it right’ in a mindfulness organization with Theory U [Master thesis: Concordia University]. Concordia Library. LINK

Moodley, K. | 2017 Toward eco-system awareness: An inquiry into the ontological processes of Theory U [Doctoral dissertation: Graduate School of Business and Leadership, University of KwaZulu-Natal]. 

Northcutt, C. | 2019 Changemakers bend the beam inward: Contemplative practices in social innovation education [Master thesis: University of San Diego]. Digital USD. LINK

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Richardson, J. | 2025 Forming of economies of wellbeing through responsive practice in everyday life [Doctoral thesis, University of Plymouth]. PEARL. LINK

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Verbist, K. | 2019 Bringing the future into the classroom: Action research based on Theory U: Impact of a student-centered competence-oriented learning environment on learning approach [Master thesis: University of Antwerp]. LINK

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Social Presencing Theater

Bosch, M., Ovchinnikov, F., Benifand, K., Smith, N. J., Orschulik, M., Hingley, G., & Pucci, E.L. | 2018 Collaboration incubator *18. Thriving Resilient Communities Collaboratory. LINK

Dutra Gonçalves, R., & Grocott, L. | 2024 Awareness-based design: Bringing design to Social Presencing Theater. Journal of Awareness-Based Systems Change, 4(2), 87–122. LINK

Dutra Gonçalves, R., & Hayashi, A. | 2021 A pattern language for social field shifts: Cultivating embodied and perceptual capacities of social groups through aesthetics and social field archetypes. Journal of Awareness-Based Systems Change, 1(1), 35–57. LINK

Dutra Goncalves, R., & Karp, U. | 2019 Emerging design and the embodiment of social transformation. In Cornejo, P. (Ed.), Unfolding: Education and design for social innovation (pp. 44–56). Centro. LINK

Hayashi, A., & Mount, B. [Beth Mount]. | 2012 Capacity works: Exploring possibilities with Social Presencing Theater at Job Path [Video]. YouTube. LINK

Hayashi, A. | 2010 Feminine principle and Theory U. Oxford Leadership Journal. LINK 

Hayashi, A. | 2021 Social Presencing Theatre (SPT): How do we listen to our body knowing to access the wisdom that lives in us? In O. Gunnlaugson & W. Brendel (Eds.), Advances in presencing volume III: Collective approaches in Theory U (pp. 25–41). Trifoss Business Press. LINK

Hayashi, A. | 2021 Social Presencing Theatre: The art of making a true move. PI Press. LINK

Hayashi, A., & Gonçalves, R. D. | 2022 A studio-based practice for future-making. Routledge Handbook for Creative Futures. LINK

Jelden, J. | 2024 Sociodrama meets Social Presencing Theater on a bricoleur’s journey. Zeitschrift für Psychodrama und Soziometrie, 23, 119–133. LINK

Ludevig, D. | 2015 Using embodied knowledge to unlock innovation, creativity, and intelligence in business. Organizational Aesthetics, 5(1) 150–166. LINK

Visual Practice

Agerbeck, B., Bird, K., Bradd, S., & Shepherd, J. (Eds.). | 2016 Drawn together through visual practice. Visual Practice Publishing. LINK

Bird, K. | 2018 Generative scribing: A social art of the 21st century. PI Press. LINK

Heckman, S. | 2023 The how and why of visual practice at UN climate negotiations. New England Journal of Public Policy, 35(2), Article 6. LINK

Social Poetics

Stubley, J. | 2023 Social poetry: Introduction to foundations and tools. Journal of Awareness-Based Systems Change, 3(2), 75–104. LINK

Social Arts

Peltereau-Villeneuve, A., & Hayashi, A. | 2024 A social art experience: Reflections and learnings from a social art residency and performance. Medium. LINK

Presencing Institute. | 2024 Social arts: Sourcing from the whole. Medium. LINK 

Visual Practice

Bird, K. | 2021 Developing action-confidence: Through the lens of a scribe. Medium. LINK

Bird, K., & Dulski, E. | 2023 AI and Scribing: An Infinite Loop. Medium.  LINK

Pomeroy, E. | 2023 The origins of Generative Scribing: An interview with Kelvy Bird. Medium. LINK

Social Presencing Theater

Dutra, R. | 2019 Social reality contemplation: A performance-led approach to making visible deeper layers of social fields. Medium. LINK

Gregory, T. | 2018 Embodied learning: Using SPT tools in class subjects as a way of embodied learning. Medium. LINK

Hayashi., A. | 2022 The language of Social Presencing Theater: Words that express the wordless. Medium. LINK

Hayashi, A. & Dutra, R. | 2019 Aesthetics: A pattern language for social field shifts. Medium. LINK

Hayashi, A. & Dutra, R. | 2019 Photography: Using ‘postcards’ as an empathy probe. Medium. LINK

Hayashi, A. & Dutra, R.| 2019 Using video as an ‘empathy probe’ in K12 education. Medium. LINK

O'Donnell, J. | 2020 The origins of Social Presencing Theater. Medium. LINK

Social Poetics

Srivastava, M. | 2019 Longing for dignity: Transforming human trafficking ecosystem. The Sacred Well. LINK

Srivastava, M. | 2021 Can poetry heal collective trauma? Medium. LINK

Acoustic Arts

Moya, D. | 2022 Making music together: A generative sound journey in Hawai’i. Medium. LINK 

Dutra Goncalves, R. | 2016 Designing learning environments for social dreaming: From inquiry to insight, and action. FABLEARN 2016: Annual Conference on Creativity and Making in Education. Graduate School of Education, Stanford University. LINK

Hayashi, A. | 2017 Social Presencing Theatre - Arawana Hayashi at wisdom together Oslo 2017 [Video]. YouTube. LINK

van Rhyn, C., Huggins, H., Øverland, I., & Dutra Goncalves, R.| 2019 Future-making in education through Social Presencing Theatre: an awareness-based anticipatory methodology. Anticipation Conference. Oslo, Norway. LINK

Dutra Goncalves, R. | 2016 Social dreaming: From inquiry to insight and action [MFA thesis: Parsons School of Design]. ACM Digital Library. LINK

Dutra, R. | 2023 Awareness-based design: The role of making aware for a transformative learning practice [Doctoral dissertation, Monash University]. LINK

Moya-Latorre, T. | 2024 Celebratory insurgency: The art of peripheral city-making [Doctoral dissertation, Cornell University]. LINK

Overland, I. | 2019 Students’ experience with Social Presencing Theatre and how this can facilitate deeper learning processes [Master thesis:University of Stavanger]. LINK

Pater, E., Keim, L., & Lang, P. | 2022 ‘Out of your mind’: The embodied pedagogy of Social Presencing Theater for sustainability [Master programme in Strategic Leadership towards Sustainability]. DiVa. LINK